초록

Abstract

Since information scientists have begun trying to quantify significant research trends in scientific publications, ‘-metrics’ research such as ‘bibliometrics’, ‘scientometrics’, ‘informetrics’, ‘webometrics’, and ‘citation analysis’ have been identified as crucial areas of information science. To illustrate the dynamic research activities in these areas, this study investigated the major contributors of ‘-metrics’ research for the last decade at three levels: nations, institutions, and documents. ‘-metrics’ literature of this study was obtained from the Science Citation Index for the years 2001-2011. In this analysis, we used Pathfinder network, PNNC algorithm, PageRank and several indicators based on h-index. In terms of international collaborations, USA and England were identified as major countries. At the institutional level, Katholieke University, Leuven and the University of Amsterdam in Europe and Indiana University and the Office of Naval Research in the USA have led co-research projects in informetrics areas. At the document level, Hirsch’s h-index paper and Ingwersen’s web impact factor paper were identified as the most influential work by two methods: PageRank and single paper h-index.

초록

본 연구는 기존의 연구성과 분석의 한계를 극복하고 영향력이나 파급효과 등 질적 중심의 연구성과 분석을 위해 텍스트 마이닝, 인용 분석 등을 활용한 새로운 계량정보학적 분석지표를 제안하였다. 즉, 논문품질지수, 인용 영향력지수, 지식확산지수, 국제협력연구지수, 우수논문 생산지수 등 새로운 연구성과 분석지표를 제안하여 질적인 측면을 중심으로 한 연구성과 분석이 가능하도록 하였다. 그리고 제안된 지표를 활용하여 사례분석을 수행하여 그 가능성을 확인하였다.

Abstract

There are some limitations in the existing bibliometric methods to satisfy the various requests of the interest parties including researchers, managers, policy makers to identify 1) which research group or researcher is the key player, and the overall trends of the particular technological sub-fields, 2) which research groups, institutions or countries mainly use their research outputs, 3) what are the spin-offs from research outputs to some scientific and technological fields, 4) in which levels they are when comparing their quantitative and qualitative research outputs to those of other competitive institutions. It is essential to develop new informetric indicators and methodologies in order to satisfy stakeholder's various demands and to strengthen qualitative analysis in measuring research performance. This study suggested informetric indicators such as article quality index, citation impact index, international cooperation index, excellent article production index and methodologies including citation analysis, text mining.

초록

Abstract

A large and reliable citation database is necessary to identify and analyze citation behavior of Korean researchers in science and technology. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) built the Korea Science Citation Database (KSCD), and have provided Korea Science Citation Index (KSCI) and Korea Journal Citation Reports (KJCR) services. In this article, citing behavior of Korean scientists on Korean journals was examined by using the KSCD that covers 459 Korean core journals. This research dealt with (1) statistical numeric information of journals in KSCD, (2) analysis of document types cited, (3) ratio of domestic to international documents cited and ratio of citing different disciplines, (4) analysis on immediacy index, peak time, and half-life of cited documents, and (5) analysis on impact of journals based on KJCR citation indicators. From this research, we could find the immediacy citation rate (average 2.36%), peak-time (average 1.7 years) and half-life (average 5.2 years) of cited journals in Korea. We also found that the average journal self-citation rate is more than 50% in every field. In sum, citing behavior of Korean scientists on Korean journals was comprehensively identified from this research.

초록

Abstract

There have been little comprehensive research for studying impact of foreign journals on Korean scientists. The main reason for this is because there was no extensive citation index database of domestic journals for analysis. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) built the Korea Science Citation Database (KSCD), and have provided Korea Science Citation Index (KSCI) and Korea Journal Citation Reports (KJCR) services. In this article, citing behavior of Korean scientists on foreign journals was examined by using KSCD that covers Korean core journals. This research covers (1) analysis of foreign document types cited, (2) analysis of citation counts of foreign journals by subject and the ratio of citing different disciplines, (3) analysis of language and country of foreign documents cited, (4) analysis of publishers of journals and whether or not journals are listed on global citation index services and (5) analysis for current situation of subscribing to foreign electronic journals in Korea. The results of this research would be useful for establishing strategies for licensing foreign electronic journals and for information services. From this research, immediacy citation rate (average 1.46%), peak-time (average 3.9 years) and half-life (average 8 years) of cited foreign journals were identified. It was also found that Korean scientistis tend to cite journals covered in SCI(E) or SCOPUS, and 90% of cited foreign journals have been licensed by institutions in Korea.

초록

Abstract

Augmented Reality (AR) is a mix of the real world that is enhanced by virtual objects from computer-generated information. AR is currently used in a variety of information systems and library services. AR technologies are also being developed for today’s children, who are digital natives and are exposed to various technologies even earlier. To assist librarians who need to accurately understand users’ information needs and perceptions of the technology being used in their libraries, we conducted a study of AR perceptions among children. We conducted two online co-design sessions using “Would you rather?”, a co-design technique that facilitates research into children’s opinions. Through the co-design sessions, we found that children were psychologically wary about AR technology due to a lack of trust in the technology, and realism had a significant impact on these judgments. We also identified that children considered AR technology environments as an extension of the real world. Their real-world values directly influenced their perceptions of AR. This research provides insights into the wariness that libraries need to be aware of when developing AR content for children in the future, and how libraries can use AR as an educational tool.

초록

이 연구의 목적은 공동연구 네트워크에서 연구자의 영향력과 입지를 분석하는데 사용되는 중심성 지수들의 특징에 대해서 고찰하는 것이다. 전통적인 이진 네트워크 중심성 지수로는 연결정도중심성, 매개중심성, 근접중심성, 페이지랭크를 다루었고, 공동연구 네트워크에서의 중심성을 측정하기 위해서 개발되었거나 사용된 가중 네트워크 중심성 지수로는 삼각매개중심성, 평균연관성, 가중페이지랭크, 공동연구 h-지수와 공동연구 hs-지수, 복합연결정도중심성, c-지수에 대해서 살펴보았으며, 새로운 지수로 제곱근합 지수 SSR을 제안하였다. 이들 12종의 중심성 지수를 건축학, 문헌정보학, 마케팅 분야의 세 가지 공동연구 네트워크에 적용해본 결과 각 지수들의 특성과 지수 간 관계를 파악할 수 있었다. 분석 결과 공동연구 네트워크에서 공동연구 범위와 공동연구 강도를 모두 고려하기 위해서는 가중 네트워크 중심성 지수를 사용해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 공동연구 범위와 강도를 모두 고려하는 전역중심성을 측정하기 위해서는 삼각매개중심성 지수를 사용하고, 지역중심성을 측정하기 위해서는 SSR 지수를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다고 제안하였다.

Abstract

This study explores the characteristics of centrality measures for analyzing researchers’ impact and structural positions in research collaboration networks. We investigate four binary network centrality measures (degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and PageRank), and seven existing weighted network centrality measures (triangle betweenness centrality, mean association, weighted PageRank, collaboration h-index, collaboration hs-index, complex degree centrality, and c-index) for research collaboration networks. And we propose SSR, which is a new weighted centrality measure for collaboration networks. Using research collaboration data from three different research domains including architecture, library and information science, and marketing, the above twelve centrality measures are calculated and compared each other. Results indicate that the weighted network centrality measures are needed to consider collaboration strength as well as collaboration range in research collaboration networks. We also recommend that when considering both collaboration strength and range, it is appropriate to apply triangle betweenness centrality and SSR to investigate global centrality and local centrality in collaboration networks.

초록

우리나라 대학도서관에서는 디지털 패러다임에 적합한 디지털 정보자원을 구축하여 서비스를 제공하고 있으며 이를 위하여 디지털 보존에 힘써왔지만, 아직까지 본격적으로 연구되고 논의되지 않고 있다. 디지털 보존은 인쇄매체 보존 방법과 상이하게 다르므로 디지털 정보자원의 안정성과 기능성을 최대한 확보, 유지할 수 있도록 보존전략을 강구해야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 대표적인 디지털 정보자원의 보존기술인 매체재생, 매체변환, 포맷변환, 정보전환, 에뮬레이션 기술의 대학도서관에서의 사용정도와 대학도서관의 디지털 정보관리 담당자들이 생각하는 각각의 보존 기술에 대한 위험가능성과 위험영향력을 조사하여 위험관리 분석을 하였다. 그 결과, 가장 빈번히 사용하되 있는 기법은 포맷변환이고 전혀 사용하지 않고 있는 기법은 에뮬레이션임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 위험이 발생할 확률과 데이터 손실 영향력이 가장 낮은 방법은 매체재생인 것으로 판명되었고 가장 높은 것은 에뮬레이션 기법과 정보전환으로 나타났고 사서들은 디지털 보존활동을 전문적으로 수행할 전담 담당자가 없는 경우 위험발생 확률이 제일 높을 것으로 보았다.

Abstract

University libraries have developed digital information resources for digital services and have tried to preserve valuable digital information. Because digital preservation raises challenges of a fundamentally different nature which we added to the problems to preserving traditional format materials, it is necessary that preserving digital resources must be discussed and researched actively. This study conducts risk management for exploring preserving technologies and assessing tools. It is found that most university libraries have used format conversion frequently and do not use the emulation technology. It is also found that medium refreshing has the lowest risk probability and isk impact, but information migration and emulation technology have the highest in the risk probability and in the risk impact individually and the absence of full-time professional staff causes high risk.

초록

오픈 데이터가 국제적인 흐름으로 주목받는 현시점에서 데이터 공유를 지원하는 한국의 국제 학술지 역할에 대한 논의가 이루어질 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내 발간 국제 학술지의 편집인 설문 조사와 인터뷰를 바탕으로 데이터 공유 정책 도입에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하고 해당 학술지 편집인의 데이터 공유 정책 도입 및 구성요소에 대한 인식을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 정책을 도입하였거나 도입할 예정인 학술지에서는 데이터 공유가 국제적인 추세이며 연구발전에 기여할 수 있다는 점을 인식하였지만, 여전히 데이터 공유에 대한 인식 개선 노력이 필요함을 강조하였다. 이에 학술지 및 학술공동체 차원에서의 교육 활동이나 데이터 공유에 따른 보상을 통해 데이터 공유에 대한 인식을 개선할 필요가 있었다. 또한 중요도가 높으며, 필수 구성요소로 편집인의 절반 이상이 선택한 구성요소로 ‘데이터 가용성 표기’, ‘데이터 공유 수준’, ‘데이터 공유 방법’, ‘데이터 인용’이 있었다. 이들 학술지에서 데이터 공유를 반드시 의무화할 필요는 없지만 데이터 가용성 표기를 통해 데이터를 공유할 수 없는 상황에 대해 언급하는 것은 필요하다고 보았다. 국내 상황에 적합한 리포지터리 개발 및 실행을 책임질 기관의 역할 또한 강조되었다. 더불어 정책 도입에 영향을 주는 요인에 따라 정책 도입 비율의 차이를 확인한 결과, 영향력지수 사분위, 출판 유형, 주제 분야에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 영향력지수가 높은 학술지는 데이터 공유를 지원하는 자원을 보유할 가능성이 높고 오픈액세스 혹은 하이브리드 학술지는 오픈사이언스의 일환인 오픈 데이터에 관심을 가지는 경향이 있다고 볼 수 있었다. 의학 분야에서는 학술공동체 차원의 데이터 공유를 위한 적극적인 움직임이 데이터 공유 정책 도입을 촉진하였음을 알 수 있었다. 국내에서 학술지 데이터 공유 정책 도입 및 운영을 활성화하는 기초자료로서 본 연구가 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

At a time when open data receives attention as an international trend, there is a need to discuss the role of international journals in Korea to support data sharing. Based on surveys and interviews of editors from the international journals, we identified factors affecting the policy adoption and examined the journal editors' perception on the adoption and components of the data sharing policy. As a result, scholarly journals that have adopted or are planning to adopt policies have recognized that data sharing is an international trend and can contribute to research development, but they stressed that efforts to improve the perception of data sharing were still necessary. Educational activities and compensation for sharing data were needed at scholarly journals’ and communities’ level. Also, components perceived important and selected by more than half of the editors as mandatory were ‘data availability statement’, ‘data sharing level’, ‘data sharing method’, and ‘data citation’. While scholarly journals do not always need to mandate data sharing, it was necessary to mention conditions where data cannot be shared through data availability statements. The role of the organization developing and operating a repository appropriate for situations in Korea was also emphasized. In addition, by identifying factors affecting the policy adoption, significant differences were found in Journal Impact Factor quartiles, publication type, and subject area. This finding indicated that journals with a high impact factor are likely to have resources to support data sharing, and open access or hybrid journals are likely to have interest in open data as a part of open science. In the medical research area, active movements for data sharing in academic communities have promoted the adoption of data sharing policies. This study would be used as basic data to facilitate the adopton and operation of scholarly journals’ data sharing policies in Korea.

초록

Abstract

Despite the widespread use, critics claim that citation analysis has serious limitations in evaluating the research performance of scholars. First, conventional citation analysis methods yield one-dimensional and sometimes misleading evaluation as a result of not taking into account differences in citation quality, not filtering out citation noise such as self-citations, and not considering non-numeric aspects of citations such as language, culture, and time. Second, the citation database coverage of today is disjoint and incomplete, which can result in conflicting quality assessment outcomes across different data sources. This paper discuss the findings from a citation analysis study that measured the impact of scholarly publications based on the data mined from Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and briefly describes a work-in-progress prototype system called CiteSearch, which is designed to overcome the weaknesses of existing citation analysis methods with a robust citation-based quality assessment approach.

초록

이 연구에서는 자관의 학술지 상호인용 및 동시인용 분석을 통하여 단순 피인용빈도 이상의 학술지 인용 패턴 분석을 시도 하였다. 이 연구를 통해 학술지의 중요도 파악에 있어서 자관 인용 네트워크의 구조적 분석이 인용빈도 이상의 자관 인용 패턴에 대한 설명을 하고 있는지와, Web of Science에서 제공하는 JIF 이외의 일반적 인용 지수 서비스들을 고려해야 할 필요성이 있는지를 살펴보았다. Y대학교 생명시스템대학 생명공학과 전·현직 교수진이 2006년과 2007년에 발표한 학술논문의 인용 네트워크 분석 및 Web of Science 이외의 일반적 인용 지수들간의 관계를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자관의 상호인용 네트워크를 통해 자관의 연구 분야를 확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 자관의 동시인용 네트워크 지수들은 자관 인용 네트워크의 구조적 속성을 반영하는 인용 패턴의 설명이 가능하며 이는 피인용빈도와 유사하면서도 추가적인 설명력을 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 셋째, 일반적 인용지수로는 JIF 외에도 합산지향지수, h-index와 같은 다양한 일반적 인용 지수들의 설명력이 다양하므로 이를 이용하여 다각적으로 고려하는 것이 필요한 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 학술지 평가에서 인용 색인 데이터베이스의 수록범위보다는 지수의 유형에 따른 설명력 차이가 크다는 것을 확인하였다. 이와 같은 자관의 인용 네트워크 분석은 정보서비스의 여러 분야에서 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract

In this study, we testify that network structural attributes of a citation network can explain other aspects of journal citation behaviors and the importances of journals. And we also testify various citation impact indicators of journals including JIF and h-index to verify the difference among them especially focused on their ability to explain an institution's local features of citation behaviors. An institutional citation network is derived using the articles published in 2006-2007 by biotechnology faculties of Y University. And various journal citation impact indicators including JIF, SJR, h-index, EigenFactor, JII are gathered from different service sites such as Web of Science, SCImago, EigenFactor.com, Journal-Ranking.com. As a results, we can explain the institution's 5 research domains with inter-citation network. And we find that the co-citation network structural features can show explanations on the patterns of institutional journal citation behavior different from the simple cited frequency of the institution or patterns based on general citation indicators. Also We find that journal ranks with various citation indicators have differences and it implies that total-based indices, average-based indices, and hybrid index(h-index) explain different aspects of journal citation pattern. We also reveal that the coverage of citation DB doesn't be a matter in the journal ranking. Analyzing the citation networks derived from an institution's research outputs can be a useful and effective method in developing several library services.